Moving-picture apparatus.



R.-K. SNOW A. B.l PERDUE.

MOVING PICTURE APPARATUS. APPucATlou min 061.30. me.

R. K. SNOW & A. B. PERDUE.

MOVING mums APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILD OCT. 30. 1916.

Patented Dee. 4, 191?.

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RALPH K. SNOW AND ALBA B. PERDUE, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

MOVING-PICTURE APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 4, 1917.

Application filed October 30, 1916. Serial No. 128,610.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that we, RALPH K. SNOW and ALBA B. PERDUE, both citizens of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles, Stateof California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Moving-Picture Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a moving picture apparatus, and pertains especially to an apy paratus for projecting pictures by reflection of light from the pictures.

Picture projecting apparatus has been heretofore provided for proj ecting onA a screen single pictures by means of reflected light. It is an object of this invention to provide an apparatus of .like character for projecting animated pictures.

It is another object to provide a machine in vwhich the pictures to be projected may be printed in periodicals such as newspapers or upon sheets suitable for any desired method of distribution. y

It is a further object to provide a machine in `Whicha sheet of printed pictures may be quickly and easily inserted for use for the projection of animated pictures printed thereon.

It is a still further object to provide a ma chine whereby a newspaper or the like may include a sheet with rows of pictures printed thereon, such sheet being suitable for use without mutilation in the machine. The sheet shown in this application forms the subjectmatter of an application co-pending herewith, Serial No. 128,611, filed Oct. 30, 1916.

,Our invention embodies broadly radio projecting machines now in use, but developed to project animated pictures.

yAn embodiment of our invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective View of the completemachine.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged horizontal section therethrough.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical section as seen on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a section as seen on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3.

Fi 5 is a fragmentary section as seen on the line 54-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a sheet containing the pictures.

A casing indicated generally by 7 is divided into `two `compartments by a wall 8.,

thereby forming a shadow box and a housing` for the picture moving mechanism. At the forward end of the shadow boX is an objective lens 9. Disposed at the forward end of the shadow box and surrounding the tube of the objective lens is a mirror 10,

within which are disposed lamps 11 which are preferably electric lamps. The lamps 11 furnish a source of light which is proj ected rearwardly by the mirror. Partition wall S is off-set as indicated at 12 for the purpose of accommodating the picture moving mechanism. An opening 13 is formed in the rear wall through which the pictures are to be displayed. A picture which is presented before the opening will be projected by reason of the light which impinges thereon and is reflected backthrough the objective lens 9.

The primary feature of this invention is to provide means for successively changing the pictures so that an animated picture will be projected upon a screen. For this purpose we have provided a screw shaft 14 which extends horizontally across the casing l and is iXcd against rotation. Upon shaft 14 is mounted a collar 15 provided interiorly with screw threads meshing with the threads on shaft 14. A mandrel 1G is mounted on collar 15. Mandrel 16 is divided along a diameter and is hinged as indicated at 17 so that ity may be opened. 'To lock the parts of the mandrel together in cylindrical form, a link 18 is pivotally secured to one section of the mandrel, and is provided with an aperture in which pin 19l secured to the other part of the mandrel is disposed. To firmly secure the mandrel to sleeve 15 against rotation a key 20 is formed on the sleeve and engages a key seat formed in the halves of the mandrel. Secured toone end of sleeve 15 is a spur gear 21. Rotation of the spur gear will cause rotation of the mandrel, and the latter will travel axially of the shaft 14.

Disposed parallel to'shaft 14 is a shaft 22 which is secured to handle 23 for rotation of the same. However, a motor or any other prime mover may be used. FiXedly secured to shaft 22 is a clutch jaw 24. RotatablyT mounted on the shaft 22 is a sleeve 25. Fixed to sleeve 25 is a clutch jaw 26 disposed for engagement with clutch jaw 24. Secured to the sleeve 25 is a driver 27 which is cylindrical and flattened adjacent one end as 'indicated by 28. Overhanging the flat- Itened portion is a tooth 29 having the end ,ture of the driver 27.

thereof olf-set laterally as indicated at 30. The clutch `iaw 2G may be thrown in and out of engagement with clutch jaw 24e by shifting sleeve 25 axially of shaft 22. The driver 27 is shifted at the same time.

Parallel to shafts 14 and 22 is a shaft 3l upon which is rotatably mounted a wide gear 32. Spur gear 32 meshes with gear 2l so that upon rotation of the gear 32, gear 2l and the .mandrel will be rotated. Secured to shaft 3l is a wheel 33 which is provided with teeth, the upper ends of which are concave as indicated by 34. The concave portion 34k is of the same curvature as the curva- The driver 27 and wheel 33 constitute a Geneva stop motion.

It will be noted that when the gearing is in the. position shown in Fig. 4, rotation of shaft 22 will cause rotation of the driver. IV hen the flattened portion 2S of the driver moves into registry with the teeth on the wheel 33, tooth 29 engages one of the teeth of the wheel and moves the latter through an arc equal to one tooth. As the tooth 29 moves out of engagement with the teeth on the wheel 33, the cylindrical portion of the driver engages the concavity formed at the top of a tooth on the driving wheel 33, thereby holding the latter, shaft 31 and gear 32 stationary. Shaft 3l is held stationary during part of a revolution cf shaft 29., when the tooth Q9 again engages and moves wheel 33. In this manner intermittent motion is given to gear 32. The interval during which the gear 39. remains stationary is greater than that during which it rotates.

WV e have provided means for throwing the mandrel 16 out of operation and holding it stationary during any selected time. This is useful for the purpose of displaying a particular picture, a caption for a moving picture, an advertisement or anything else desired. This we accomplish by moving sleeve 25 axially of shaft 22 so that tooth 29 is moved to a position where it will not engage wheel 33.

A shifter 35 is pivoted to a bracket 36 on the casing, and is secured to the clutch jaw 26. Then sleeve 25 is moved to the right of the position shown in Fig. l, the unmutilated cylindrical portion of driver 27 is moved into engagement with the concave portion of the wheel 33. The tooth 29 is then out of position for engaging the wheel 33, and continued rotation of 'the crank 23 and shaft 22 will not rotate gear 32. Shifter 35 may be operated from the mandrel. A pin 36 is inserted in the mandrel immediately preceding the picture, legend, or other device to be displayed for some time. A slidable bar 37 is disposed to be engaged by the pin 3G. Tension spring 33 is secured to the bar 37 and to the casing. Secured to the end of bar 3T is a pivoted pawl A pin 4-.0 is provided on the bar to prevent the pawl swinging in a clock-wise direction, but the pawl is free to swing in an anti-clockwise direction.

In the position shown in Ifig. Ll, the pin 3G has moved the bar 37 to its outer position. As it moves into its outer position, the end of shifter 35 engages the pawl 39, but as the lat-ter may swing to permit the pawl to pass by the end of the shifter bar, no movement of the latter occurs.

If the bar 37 has reached its outer position, the end of the pawl 39 disposes itself under the shifter bar Spring 3S tends to retract the bar 37, and after pin i6 has passed by the end of bar 37 the spring retracts the same, pawl 39 engaging the shifter bar and throwing the clutch jaw 2o out of engagement with clutch jaw 2dr. At the same time sleeve 25 is moved, and driver 27 is disposed in position within tooth 29 so that it will not engage the drive wheel 23. The unmutilated surface of the driver is then disposed in the concave portions 31|- of the driving wheel 33, and holds the latter stationary. In order to throw the picture moving apparatus into operation again, plate l-l which is secured to the end of sleeve 25 is pushed inwardly again throwing clutch jaw 26 in engagement with aw and disposing the driver for rotating the wheel 33.

The pictures used in the embodiment of the machine shown herein are printed upon a sheet 42 in rows inclined so that when the ends are brought around the mandrel the rows of pictures will be in helical form. The marginal ends e3 and 4A of the sheet are folded along the dotted lines shown in Fig. 6, and turned inwardly'between the parts of mandrel 1G and locked there by link 18. Pictures are printed on an opaque material and serve the same purpose as chronophotographs, and are hereafter termed chronopictures.

It is obvious that we have provided a machine which may be used for projecting chronopictures printed in periodicals such as newspapers or upon single sheets, so that a sheet taken from the newspaper may be mounted on the mandrel and projected. A picture is presented to the opening 13, held for a moment and then the next successive picture in the row is presented and held for an interval of time. The mandrel progresses longitudinally at the same time that it rodv tates so that each picture along the helical row formed on the mandrel is successively presented.

lV hat we claim is:

l. In a motion picture machine. the combi* nation of a. shadow box, an objective lens mounted therein at the forward end, means for projecting light to the rear thereof, an opening in the rear of said box, an opaque mandrel for carrying chronopictures mounted in back of said shadow box so as to display a picture, operating means to move said mandrel helically step by step to successively display pictures, and means for holding a picture before said opening for a selected time during continued movement of said operating means.

2. In a moving picture machine, the combination of a shadow box, an objective lens mounted therein at the forward end, means for projecting light to the rear thereof, an opening in the rear of said box, a mandrel for carrying chronopictures mounted in baci; of said shadow box so as to display a picture, a screw shaft upon which said mandrel is mounted, a gear secured to said mandrel, an operating gear in mesh with said first named gear, driving means to intermittently rotate said operating gear step by step, and to hold said gear stationary between movements thereof, and means operated by said mandrel to disengage said operating gear from said driving means. y

3. In a moving picture machine, the combination of a shadow box, an objective lens mounted therein at the forward end, means for projecting light to the rear thereof, an opening in the rear of said box, a mandrel for carrying chronopictures mounted in back of said shadow box so as to display a picture, a screw shaft upon which said mandrel is mounted, a gear secured to said mandrel, an operating gear in mesh with said iirst named gear, a drive Wheel secured to said operating gear, said drive wheel provided with teeth eoncave at the top, a driver iiattened on part of its circumference and meshing with the coneavities in said teeth, said driver provided with a tooth disposed over its flattened portion for engaging the teeth on said driving wheel, and means to move said driver longitudinally, thereby disengaging its tooth and the drive wheel teeth and to dispose the unmutilated part of the driver in mesh with a concavity in a tooth of said drive wheel.

In Witness that we claim the foregoing we have hereunto subscribed our names this 11th day of October, 1916.

RALPH K. SNOW. ALBA B. PERDUE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

